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The ''Whig'' was a polemical American newspaper published and edited by William G. "Parson" Brownlow (1805–1877) in the mid-nineteenth century. As its name implies, the paper's primary purpose was the promotion and defense of Whig Party political figures and ideals. In the years leading up to the Civil War, the ''Whig'' became the mouthpiece for East Tennessee's anti-secessionist movement. The ''Whig'' was published under several names throughout its existence, namely the ''Tennessee Whig'', the ''Jonesborough Whig'', the ''Knoxville Whig'', and similar variations.〔 The ''Whig'' was one of the most influential newspapers in nineteenth-century Tennessee, due mainly to Brownlow's editorials, which often included vindictive personal attacks and fierce diatribes. A Methodist circuit rider by trade, Brownlow launched the ''Whig'' in 1839 to counter rising Democratic sentiment in the region. He quickly made many enemies across the majority Democratic antebellum South. During his career, Brownlow survived several assassination attempts, numerous libel lawsuits, and arrest and imprisonment by Confederate authorities during the American Civil War.〔 Brownlow's ''Whig'' editorials attacked Democrats and Methodism's two main competitors in East Tennessee: Baptists and Presbyterians. Brownlow also attacked groups who he believed supported Democrats, such as Catholics, Mormons, and immigrants.〔 In spite of its anti-secessionist sentiments, the ''Whig'' was staunchly pro-slavery in the early days of the Civil War but, upon Brownlow's return from exile in 1863, the paper adopted an abolitionist stance.〔Robert McKenzie, ''Lincolnites and Rebels: A Divided Town in the American Civil War'' (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006).〕 After Brownlow was elected governor in 1865, his son became publisher of the ''Whig''. In 1870, ''Whig'' reporter William Rule (1839–1928) launched the ''Knoxville Chronicle'' (later renamed ''Knoxville Journal''), which is often considered the "successor" to the ''Whig''.〔 ==Layout and publication== The ''Whig'' was a typical nineteenth-century broadsheet, usually containing four pages, each divided into five (later six) columns. Editorials and news typically occupied the first two-and-a-half pages, and advertisements occupied the last page-and-a-half. The first column often began with a song or poem, after which Brownlow launched into an editorial. Along with political and religious commentary, Brownlow also reported on his travels to various cities, dispensed advice on issues such as marriage and child-rearing, and published his own speeches in their entirety.〔''Jonesborough Whig and Independent Journal'', 15 October 1845, 3 December 1845, 29 July 1846, et al.〕 The motto, "Cry aloud, and spare not," taken from Isaiah 58:1 (KJV), appeared in the paper's nameplate as early as 1839, and was used throughout much of the 1840s. In 1853, Brownlow began using the motto, "Independent in everything, neutral in nothing." For several months after the 1840 elections, the paper used Oliver Hazard Perry's famous line, "We have met the enemy, and they are ours," as its nameplate motto.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Brownlow's Whig」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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